(A). Inferior alveolar nerve block
(B). Posterior superior alveolar nerve block
(C). Middle superior alveolar nerve block
(D). Greater palatine nerve block
- Posterior superior alveolar (PSA) nerve block: anesthetizes the maxillary first/second/third molars, periodontal tissues, buccal soft tissue and bone of these teeth. The mesiobuccal root of the first molar is anesthetized in only about 72% of the cases. In about 28% of the cases, the posterior superior alveolar nerve is missing branches that reach the mesiobuccal root of the first molar.
- Middle superior alveolar (MSA) nerve block: anesthetizes the maxillary premolars (and in some cases the mesiobuccal root of the first molar), periodontal tissues, buccal soft tissue and bone of these teeth. Only present in about 28% of patients. If the MSA is missing, the premolars are innervated by the ASA.
- Anterior superior alveolar (ASA) nerve block: anesthetizes the maxillary central/lateral incisors and canine, periodontal tissues, buccal soft tissue and bone of these teeth.
- Inferior alveolar (IA) nerve block: anesthetizes the pulp and mucoperiosteum of all mandibular teeth, chin, and lower lip.
- Greater palatine (GP) nerve block: anesthetizes the posterior hard palate on one side (palatal soft tissues and bone from the first premolar to the back). The teeth are not anesthetized.
Among all the answer choices, only the posterior superior alveolar nerve block can anesthetize the maxillary posterior teeth.
NOTE: it is important to remember that the greater palatine nerve block and nasopalatine nerve block do not provide anesthesia to the teeth (pulp).
Answer: B. Posterior superior alveolar nerve block
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